Journalists
Argentina
Daniel Santoro is the national political editor at Clarin, Argentina's largest newspaper, and has conducted extensive investigations into government corruption, national security matters and international drug trafficking. Santoro has broken a number of scandals detailing arms smuggling, including one story linking Argentine General Antonio Angel Vicario to the 1993 sale of 230 tons of gunpowder to Croatia, which at the time was under a U.N. arms embargo. That story resulted in the first arrest of a high-ranking Argentine military official for arms trafficking. Santoro also revealed that Argentina had supplied about 6,500 tons of arms and ammunition to Croatia between 1991 and 1995, despite the embargo. Santoro was awarded the 1995 King of Spain international journalism award for his "outstanding contribution" to journalism. Santoro teaches investigative journalism at the Universidad de Belgrano in Buenos Aires and has also conducted classes at the Fundacion para un Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano, run by Nobel Prize-winning author Gabriel Garcia-Marquez in Colombia. Santoro is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Australia
Ross Coulthart is the senior investigative reporter for Sunday, a documentary program on Nine Network Television. In 1997, he revealed waste and mismanagement in two of Australia's most expensive and strategic defense projects: the Collins Class submarine project and the Jindalee Over-the-Horizon radar system. Another investigation suggested that Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen was responsible for the attempted assassination of opposition figure Sam Rainsy in an Easter Sunday grenade attack. For this, Coulthart won the 1997 Walkley Award for Excellence in Broadcast Coverage of Asia. In 1998, he won his second Walkley Award for a story on right-wing parliamentary candidate Pauline Hanson. In 2002, his investigation with Max Stahl detailed how Indonesian military and militia killers in East Timor had gone unpunished for blatant crimes—a story that won best international report at the New York Film Festival. Coulthart is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Brazil
Fernando Rodrigues has been a reporter for the São Paulo daily Folha de S.Paulo since 1987 and a senior reporter there since 1993. He has served as the newspaper's correspondent in New York, Tokyo and Washington, D.C. He reported on numerous scandals, including a 1994 investigative series, "Managua Connection," exposing the relationship between the kidnappers of Brazilian millionaire Abílio Diniz and several guerrilla groups in Central America. Rodrigues' 1997 series "Vote Market" revealed a vote-buying scheme in the Brazilian Congress. The series won the Prêmio Esso de Jornalismo, Brazil's top journalism prize. His 1994 book, The Owners of the Congress – The Farce in the Budget Inquiry Committee, was awarded the prestigious Prêmio Jabuti de Livro Reportagem prize. Rodrigues is also a political columnist for Universo Online. He has a graduate degree in international journalism from the City University in London. He taught journalism at the Methodist University of São Paulo for five years. Rodrigues is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Germany
Hans Leyendecker has been a political editor and columnist at the Munich-based Süddeutsche Zeitung since 1997. During his18-year career with the weekly newsmagazine Der Spiegel, Leyendecker broke stories on illegal campaign finances, political connections to weapons deals and plutonium smuggling. For his probe into the tax evasion of the father of German tennis star Steffi Graf, Leyendecker received death threats from adoring Graf fans. Leyendecker has written books on the Graf tax evasion affair, German weapons exports to Iraq before the Gulf War, and euthanasia in Germany. Before leaving Der Spiegel, Leyendecker had been special projects editor. At the mass circulation Süddeutsche Zeitung, Leyendecker has sought to bring more in-depth, "weekly style" investigations to the daily newspaper. In 2000, Leyendecker co-authored a 600-page investigation the illicit financial dealings of former German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, titled Helmut Kohl, die Macht und das Geld (Helmut Kohl: The Power and the Money). Leyendecker is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Ghana
Ben Ephson received a law degree from the University of Ghana, Legon, in 1981. He started his professional career as a journalist in 1974, and since then has worked with the then London-based Africa Magazine (1974-1984) and West Africa Magazine (1982-1996). He was also a correspondent for the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) in Ghana between 1986 and 1996. Since 1994 he has been the Ghanaian correspondent for the Agence France-Presse; since 1998, he has been the editor of an independent daily newspaper, The Daily Dispatch. His honors include an award for "Human Rights and Excellence" from the United States-based National Association of Black Journalists, and a Ghana Journalists Association award for "Commitment and Dedication." He spent five months at the University of Maryland, College Park, on a Ford Foundation fellowship. He has also been a guest of the American, British, Canadian and French governments, visiting professional institutions. His book Countdown to 2004 Elections was published in August 2003. Ephson is from the Accra, Ghana.
Guatemala
Juan Luis Font began working as a journalist at the weekly Cronica in 1989. He studied law at the San Carlos University, Guatemala and later did a master's program on investigative journalism at Florida International University. He is the managing editor of elPeriódico, a daily in Guatemala known for it's contribution to the fight against government corruption. In July 2003 elPeriódico was one of the targets of a violent protest organized by the then official party, the leader of which is former dictator Efrain Rios Montt. A photographer of elPeriódico, Juan Carlos Torres, was beaten, his camera destroyed and the protesters poured gasoline on him and threatened to burn him. In August 2003 the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights asked the Guatemalan government to take measures of protection for Font and other editors of elPeriódico. Font also hosts a daily radio talk show.
India
Rakesh Kalshian is a former reporter for the weekly magazine Outlook India, where he focused on the environment, a beat he has covered since 1991. He is currently a freelance journalist with a special interest in the political, social, cultural and environmental impacts of economic globalization. Kalshian's reports for Outlook India included examinations of the effects of global warming on India, the risks workers at the world's largest ship-breaking yard in Gujarat face and the endangerment of various forms of Indian wildlife. He was the science correspondent from 1992 –to 1996 at the Delhi-based magazine Down To Earth, published by the Centre for Science and Environment. In January 1999, Kalshian investigated water politics between India, Nepal and Bangladesh. Kalshian was a Nieman fellow at Harvard University in 1999-2000, and a Chevenning scholar at the University of Westminster, London, in 1998. Kalshian is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Indonesia
Goenawan Mohamad is the founder and editor of Tempo magazine. The Indonesian newsmagazine was banned by the Suharto government in 1994 after publishing details of the government's purchase of aging East German destroyers, a confidential subject of dispute among Suharto's cabinet members. In 1995, Mohamad founded the Institute for the Studies on Free Flow of Information (ISAI), which produced alternative media intended to circumvent censorship. He later formed the Alliance of Independent Journalists, the only independent journalism organization in Indonesia. Following Suharto's resignation in May 1998, Mohamad led a group of reporters in restarting Tempo online and in print. He was a 1990 Nieman fellow at Harvard University and in 1997 received the Nieman fellows' Louis Lyons Award for Conscience and Integrity in Journalism. In 1998, he was awarded the International Press Freedom Award by the Committee to Protect Journalists. He is currently a visiting history professor at the University of California, Berkeley. Mohomad is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Indonesia
Laksmi Pamunytjak has written on topics ranging from Asian politics and current affairs to literature, movies, and classical music. She has also done various editing and translation work. She is now a regular contributor to the Indonesian weekly magazine Tempo.
Italy
Leo Sisti has been a reporter for the Italian newsweekly L'Espresso for the past 25 years, where he has investigated corruption, financial crimes, politics, organized crime, the Mafia and terrorism. Sisti covered the "Clean Hands" investigation, run by former prosecutor Antonio Di Pietro that sought to stamp out corruption in Italy. For his reporting on this investigation, in 1996 Sisti was awarded the prestigious Il Premiolino journalism prize. In September 1999, Sisti's investigation of former Montenegrin Foreign Minister Branko Perovic's cigarette smuggling links led to his resignation and prosecution in Naples. Sisti has co-authored six books, including Il Banco Paga, an investigation into the collapse of Banco Ambrosiano and the murder of its chairman, Roberto Calvi; Les Nouveaux Reaseaux de la Corruption, an investigation published in France about the role of corruption in Europe; L'Intoccabile, an investigation into the connection between the Mafia and politics; and Piedi Puliti, an investigation into the role of corruption in Italian soccer. Sisti is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Japan
Tim Mitsuhiro Yoshida won the 1985 Executive Managing Editor's Prize for Reporting for a series of articles that helped block planned construction of a huge tower in the Akiyoshida Plateau Quasi National Park. He has reported for Chugoku Shimbun, Hiroshima's largest daily newspaper, for almost 20 years, focusing on investigations of environmental issues. In the early 1980s, Yoshida covered the Yamaghuchi prefectural administration and criminal issues and later became foreign and domestic editor and city news writer in the paper's Hiroshima office. He was the 1995-1996 coordinator of the Hiroshima Travel Grant for Asian journalists, which invited select journalists to study the peace movement and radiation effects of the atomic bombings of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. Since becoming independent in 1999, Yoshida has covered environmental and social issues in Japan and the world. Yoshida is a member of Japanese Forum of Environmental Journalists and was a John S. Knight journalism fellow at Stanford University in 1994. Yoshida is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Kenya
Catherine Gicheru is the news editor of The Nation group of newspapers. She has distinguished herself writing dispassionate, critical stories of the government of President Daniel arap Moi. In 1992 her reporting was honored with a Courage in Journalism Award from the International Women's Media Foundation, which cited her exposé on the involvement of senior government officials in the embezzlement of funds from the country's national pension fund. Gicheru also investigated the involvement of Kenyan government officials in the assassination of a local political figure. She was a Nieman fellow at Harvard University in 1989. Girechu is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Mexico
Leonarda Reyes has worked for 11 years for Reforma and El Norte newspapers covering the federal Congress, political parties and the presidency, as well as national security. Investigations she conducted revealed widespread electoral fraud and frauds of public contracts. Reyes also covered the U.S. invasion of Panama, and Mexico's relations with Cuba. She later became Reforma's international editor and the national assignment editor. After Reforma, Reyes became managing editor for TV Azteca News and director of production for its nationwide affiliates. Reyes was a John S. Knight journalism fellow at Stanford University in 1991. She was a co-founder of the Center for Investigative Journalists in Mexico and founder and director of the Mexican Center for Journalism and Public Ethics. Reyes is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Namibia
Gwen Lister founded The Namibian in 1985. The newspaper was consistently targeted by right-wing forces because of the perception that the newspaper supported the liberation movement. Lister was jailed in 1984 under the Official Secrets Act, and in June 1988 she was detained without trial and denied access to a lawyer. Authorities jailed her the second time in an attempt to force her to reveal the source of a secret document she had published. Attacks on the newspaper culminated in an arson attack that destroyed the offices of The Namibian in October 1988. After independence in 1990, the newspaper was again targeted after a front-page report about a possible coup attempt against the new government. The editorial offices were damaged in a phosphorous grenade firebombing. In 2000, Lister was named one of 50 World Press Freedom Heroes of the last half century by the International Press Institute. Lister was a 1996 Nieman fellow at Harvard. Lister is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Nicaragua
Carlos Fernando Chamorro is the editor of Confidencial, a weekly publication he founded that combines investigative journalism and analyses of current affairs; the U.S. magazine The Nation called Confidencial "the most respected muckraking operation in the country." Chamorro also directs and hosts a popular Sunday night television program called Esta Semana (This Week), featuring investigative reports, feature stories and interviews with political leaders. He also has a radio show, "Onda Local" (Local Wave), and is president of the Centro de Investigaciones de la Comunicación (the Center of Investigations of Communication – CINCO), a nonprofit research and polling firm in Nicaragua. This group is committed to maintaining independence in journalism in Nicaragua, as well as to promoting training for young journalists. CINCO helps produce Chamorro's television show. Chamorro is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Nigeria
Tayo Odunlami is the deputy editor of TheNews, an English-language weekly based in Lagos that was awarded the Nigeria Media Merit Award for best magazine in 1999/2000. Odunlami was a finalist in 2000 for the ICIJ Award for Outstanding International Investigative Reporting. He also won the Diamond Awards for Media Excellence prize for Press Reporter of the Year in 2000. The award was given for a series he did on a former speaker of the Nigerian House of Representatives, Alhaji Ibrahim Salisu Buhari, which revealed he had fraudulently obtained his post. The series eventually led to the speaker's resignation. In a January 2001 story, Odunlami traced money that was looted from the government by former Nigerian dictator Sani Abacha and given to the African National Congress in 1995 and Nelson Mandela. Odunlami reported that $50 million allegedly was given to Mandela's 1994 election campaign in South Africa, and that this money delayed Mandela's eventual condemnation of Abacha. Odunlami is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Panama
Gustavo Gorriti was Peru's leading investigative journalist before having to leave the country, largely because of his reporting. During the April 5, 1992 coup, he was arrested by Peruvian intelligence squads and "disappeared" for two days until international protests forced President Alberto Fujimori to release him. Gorriti had earlier investigated, among other things, the drug ties of the man who became Fujimori's de facto intelligence chief. After several months of mounting threats and harassment, Gorriti left Peru for the United States, where he was a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and the North-South Center. In 1996, he settled in Panama and went to work for La Prensa. Gorriti's investigative reporting there, however, had a similar effect, and the government attempted unsuccessfully to deport him. After Fujimori lost power, Gorriti returned to Peru in 2001. Gorriti was a Nieman fellow at Harvard University in 1986. He received the Committee to Protect Journalists' International Press Freedom Award in 1998. Gorriti is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Portugal
Rui Araújo is an investigative reporter who has covered wars in Angola, Zaire, Rwanda, Bosnia, Croatia and East Timor. He produced a documentary that led the first Portuguese television crew allowed onto East Timor after the Indonesian invasion. He was a stringer for Radio France Internationale, United Press International and O Journal, and is one of the founders of Grande Reportagem newsmagazine. In 1987, Araújo reported for CBS News on the Iran-Contra scandal. Araújo's most recent documentary, A Guerra do Ouro, exposed Portugal's involvement in the Nazi gold scandal. The Portuguese Press Club awarded him and historian António Louçã the 1998 prize for best national television report for that investigation. He has won eight journalism awards for television and print reporting. A graduate of the Sorbonne in Paris, Araújo was a Nieman journalism fellow at Harvard University. Araújo is a university lecturer in Portugal and a contributor to Portuguese daily newspaper Público and French newsmagazine Le Point, among other publications. Araújo is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Russia
Yevgenia Albats, Ph.D., was the first Soviet journalist to investigate the Soviet political police and the KGB while the Communist regime was still in control. She is the author of The State Within a State: KGB and Its Hold on Russia, as well as three other books. In 1989 she received the Golden Pen Award. She was an Alfred Friendly fellow in 1990 and a fellow of the Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard University in 1993. Albats testified before the U.S. Congress on human rights abuses during the war in Chechnya, which she covered. She has master's degree and doctorate in political science from Harvard University. She taught courses on Russian and Soviet politics at Yale University in 2002-2003, and was a fellow at the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard University. Albats is now an independent columnist and freelance feature writer for Russian and foreign publications, including The New York Times, The Washington Post and Guardian. Albats is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
South Africa
Justin Arenstein is founding editor of the investigative news agency, African Eye News Service. Specializing in probing government corruption, Arenstein has spearheaded the agency's cross-border investigations into illegal human drugs trials in Tanzania, promissory note scams in South Africa and international drug syndicates in Mozambique. One investigation tracked an illegal chemical weapon dealer and confidence man across four continents over a three year period: from Israel, to Switzerland, South Africa, New York and finally to his Las Vegas hideout, where Interpol arrested him. Arenstein's reportage has won many southern African journalism awards, and has been confirmed in five judicial commissions of inquiry, and seven special forensic audits by the South African Auditor General, which ultimately prevented three separate illegal deals that sought to secretly alienate public assets worth US$3.2 billion. Arenstein currently combines his investigative work for AENS with the training of a new generation of rural investigative journalists in some of Africa's most under-reported regions.
The Philippines
Sheila Coronel is the executive director of the Manila-based Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism, an independent, nonprofit agency specializing in investigative reporting. The Center has published more than a dozen books and more than 200 articles in major Philippine newspapers since its founding in 1989. Coronel is also editor of i, the Center's quarterly investigative reporting magazine, which focuses on political, environmental and military issues. She previously worked for the Philippine Panorama Magazine and The Manila Chronicle and was also the Manila correspondent for The New York Times. In 1993, she published a collection of reportage titled, Coups, Cults and Cannibals. In 2003, Coronel received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and the Creative Communication Arts. Asiaweek magazine named Coronel among the 50 most powerful communicators in Asia in 2001. Coronel is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Turkey
Metin Munir is a contributor to the Financial Times and Euromoney, a European financial magazine. He is a former financial commentator for Vatan, a mass-circulation daily in Istanbul. Munir is a Turkish-Cypriot, but he lives and works in Istanbul. He has been writing for Financial Times since the early 1980s. In addition, he has contributed to other publications and worked for Turkish newspapers. Munir worked as a correspondent for The Washington Post and the BBC in the late 1970s and early 1980s, covering Turkish politics, corruption, terrorism and the Iran-Iraq war. Munir is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
U.S.A.
Charles Lewis, founder and executive director of the Center for Public Integrity for 15 years, has written or co-written several of the Center's books and studies that systematically track political influence, including The Buying of the President 2004 (Perennial 2004), The Cheating of America (Morrow 2001), The Buying of the President 2000 (Avon 2000), The Buying of the Congress (Avon 1998) and The Buying of the President (Avon 1996). In 1998, he was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. He is currently writing a book on truth and democracy and serves as a consultant to the Center.
Ukraine
Olena Prytula is the editor-in-chief of Ukrayinska Pravda. She was a correspondent for Interfax Ukraine News Agency from 1993 to 2000 and a stringer for Reuters from1993 to 1996. From 1995 to 1999 she covered all the events in President Leonid Kuchma's administration. Prytula began the Internet news site Ukrayinska Pravda in 2000 with opposition journalist Georgy Gongadze, who was later found murdered. UP has been vehemently defending its right to examine society's most crucial issues, no matter how uncomfortable or embarrassing to the authorities. Prytula graduated from Odessa Polytechnic University in 1989.
Venezuela
Carlos Subero is a former reporter for El Universal in Venezuela. He is widely credited with being one of the first journalists in Venezuela to use computer-assisted reporting techniques. He is living temporarily in San Francisco after having resigned from El Universal in spring 2003. Subero has also been described as his country's main advocate of "precision journalism," which encourages the use of a more scientific methodological approach to reporting. Subero often goes beyond reporting the day-to-day news to look at the big picture of Venezuela's political system. In December 2000, Subero reported that seven elections in the previous two years resulted in new political institutions, new leaders and a significant level of concentration of power in the presidency. All of these changes resulted, Subero said, in the control of all political institutions by the majority party. Subero is a member of the Center for Public Integrity's International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
Zimbabwe
Geoffrey Nyarota joined The Herald as a cadet journalist in 1978. He became Zimbabwe's youngest editor when he edited a weekly paper in 1982. In 1983 Nyarota was appointed editor of The Chronicle, a daily newspaper which in 1998 published articles exposing corruption involving top government officials. Nyarota was immediately fired following the publication of the articles. On return to Zimbabwe from self-imposed exile, Nyarota launched The Daily News, now the country's largest selling newspaper. He was arrested six times, received death threats, and bombs twice exploded on the premises of the newspaper. In January 2003, Nyarota left Zimbabwe to avoid further persecution and was invited to Harvard University as a Nieman fellow. He has received nine international media awards for his fight against corruption and his contributions to the development of the independent press in Zimbabwe.
Social Scientists
Argentina
Laura Alonso coordinates the political unit at Poder Ciudadano, the Argentine Chapter of Transparency International. She received a bachelor's degree in political science at the University of Buenos Aires. She received a master's degree in public administration and public policy from the London School of Economics in 2001. She is currently undergoing the admissions process for a doctorate in social sciences at the University of Buenos Aires and has been a teaching assistant at the University of Buenos Aires since 1993. She also teaches at the University of St. Andrews in Buenos Aires. Alonso worked as a consultant for the Argentine Human Development Report at the UNDP office in Buenos Aires in 2002 and also for the local government of Buenos Aires at the Ministry of Social Promotion. She wrote the Country Input Report for Transparency International's Global Corruption Report 2003. She also represented Poder Ciudadano at the International Anti-Corruption Conference in Seoul, South Korea.
Australia
John Uhr, Ph.D., was educated at the University of Queensland before beginning graduate studies in political science at the University of Toronto, Canada. He graduated with a master's degree and a doctorate in 1979. He worked in Canberra as a public servant and parliamentary official before joining the Australian National University, where he teaches public policy and political theory. He is originally from Brisbane, Australia.
Brazil
Claudio Weber Abramo is the executive director of Transparencia Brasil, Transparency International's Brazilian chapter. A graduate in mathematics, he holds a master's degree in logic and the philosophy of science, but his professional experience prior to joining TBrasil was in communications and journalism. He co-authored the study on the Brazilian national integrity system prepared for the Global Forum and is a frequent writer about the field of anti-corruption.
Germany
Thymian Bussemer, Ph.D., is the editor-in-chief of the German social science journal Vorgänge. He recently completed his doctorate in communication studies. His professional experience includes journalism (editor at daily papers and magazines), teaching (lecturer at the University of Fine Arts and the Free University Berlin) and project management (e.g., at The Bertelsmann Foundation). He lives in Berlin.
Ghana
Yaw Saffu, Ph.D., received a doctorate in political science from Oxford University. He has been an academic for more than 30 years, working at universities in Ghana, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, the United Kingdom, Australia and Indonesia, and then as a freelance consultant on governance issues since 1999. He has published extensively in more than 60 publications on many aspects of developing world societies and politics in journals such as Contemporary Pacific (University of Hawaii); The Australian Journal of International Politics (ANU), Asian Survey (University of California), The Australian Journal of Politics and History (University of Queensland), The Canadian Journal of African Studies, The Journal of Nigerian Historical Society, The Economic Bulletin (University of Ghana), and The Legon Observer. He has published chapters in books and served as the editor of collected papers. His most recent publications have dealt with political finance, decentralization, parties, elections and combating corruption.
Guatemala
Mariela Bautista works for Emergente & Fronterizo, a consultancy firm based in Central America. She is concluding studies in international relations and political science at Universidad Rafael Landivar in Guatemala.
Guatemala
Pablo Rodas-Martini, Ph.D., holds a doctorate and master's degree in economics from the University of London, and another master's degree in economics from the Francisco Marroquín University. He is the director of Central America in the World Economy of the XXI Century, supported by IDRC of Canada and the Ford Foundation of the United States. He has collaborated on Human Development Reports in 1999, 2000 and 2001, prepared by UNDP, New York. He has contributed to the Global Report on Corruption 2003 prepared by Transparency International of Berlin and done research for the Inter-American Dialogue, the Institute of Ibero American Studies of Hamburg and the Florida International University, among others. He is currently a columnist for El Periódico of Guatemala, writing on economics and politics. He has also published in other daily newspapers in the region and in the Miami Herald.
India
Sandeep Shastri, Ph.D., is the dean of research and social sciences at the International Academy for Creative Teaching, MATS University, Bangalore, India. He is on leave from the Department of Political Science, Bangalore University, where he has been teaching since 1985. He completed his master's degree and doctorate in political science. His areas of research specialization are survey-based research and electoral and legislative studies. He has to his credit four books, three monographs, 15 articles in edited books and 50 articles in research journals, in addition to popular writings. The academic distinctions conferred on Shastri include deputy, Executive Committee, World Values Survey Committee; coordinator (Karnataka), National Election Study '96, National Election Study '98 and National Election Study '99, projects of the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies; and India Coordinator, World Values Survey International Project, Institute of Social Research, University of Michigan, among others.
Indonesia
Richard Holloway recently finished working in Indonesia as the advisor on anti-corruption and civil society to the Partnership for Governance Reform in Indonesia (www.partnership.or.id) where he pioneered a number of studies of corruption and grants to organizations trying to limit its spread. He is presently involved in writing a Sourcebook for UNDP on ATI (Accountability, Transparency and Integrity). He was one of the pioneers of Global Access pilot phase in Indonesia, and has written materials and manuals for Transparency International on capacity development of anti-corruption organizations (available through CORIS).
Italy
Lorenzo Segato, Ph.D., works as consultant with local authorities and with private bodies in developing and managing international projects on crime and crime prevention. He has been working as researcher at Transcrime – Research Centre on Transnational Crime, where he has developed and carried out national and international projects of research and technical assistance in crime matters. On corruption, he piloted the Global Access methodology in Italy in 2001. He has worked on corruption issues in the past years, developing two projects for the evaluation of anti-corruption measures. He has a law degree and a doctorate in criminology.
Japan
Toru Umeda is a professor at Reitaku University and deputy director of the Business Ethics and Compliance Research Center of Reitaku University in Japan. With his original major being international law, he expanded his academic interest to study business ethics in the mid-1990s and has since published journal articles on business and human rights, anti-corruption and CSR. He participated in a Conference Board/World Bank project on private sector anti-corruption practices in East Asia Pacific in 2001, and the "Global Compact Learning Forum Business Case Study" program in 2002. He is also a founding member of the Japanese chapter (in formation) of Transparency International and a member of the Global Compact Japan, launched in 2003.
Kenya
Betty Maina is presently an independent consultant on public policy issues in Kenya. For six years, she was the chief executive of the Institute of Economic Affairs, in Kenya. She has been part of the group of professionals in Kenya that sought to expand civic space and ensure a vigilant civil society to accompany the return of the country to a multi-party system in 1992. She previously worked with the United Nations Center for Human Settlements within the urban management program. She holds a master's degree in development planning from the University of London.
Mexico
Arturo Del Castillo is general director of CIE Consulting and Research, a Mexican think-tank concentrated on the analysis of transparency and anti-corruption policies. Previously, he was research-professor at the Centre for Economic Research and Education (CIDE). He holds a master's degree in public administration from the University of Bergen, Norway. He has been a researcher and guest professor at universities in Scandinavia and Mexico. His research interests are corruption in the public sector, administrative reform and good governance. He is the author of several articles and books published by international and domestic journals.
Namibia
Christiaan Keulder is the director of democracy and governance at the Institute for Public Policy Research, an independent think-tank of which he is a co-founder. Previously, he taught political science at the University of Stellenbosch (1990-1991) and at the University of Namibia (1995-2001), and worked as a social scientist at the Namibia Economic Policy Research Unit from 1992-1994. His current research focus is on the development of democratic values and institutions. He is currently completing a doctorate on the interactive effects of social structural and electoral systems on the party system in Namibia. He is also the national investigator for the Afrobarometer Survey and consults regularly for USAID, SIDA and a number of international aid agencies.
Nicaragua
Roberto Courtney has been the executive director of Grupo Civico Etica y Transparencia since 1996 and has worked as an international consultant/expert on corruption and electoral matters since 1998. He was a political advisor for the United Nations Development Project from 1999 to 2001. From 1993 to 1996, he was a senior partner at Courtney and Associates. He received a juris doctorate from Georgetown University in 1991 and a bachelor's degree in economics from Loyola University in 1988.
Nigeria
Elone J. Nwabuzor, Ph.D., is an associate professor of political science at the University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. He received a bachelor's degree from Carleton College, and later received his master's degree and doctorate from Northwestern University. In 1973 he joined the political science faculty of the University of Ibadan, in Nigeria, and in 1976 he transferred to the University of Benin. He has been a visiting scholar at several American universities, including Northwestern University, Ohio State University and the University of Northern Iowa. He was pioneer director of research at the Centre for Democratic Studies, Abuja, Nigeria, from 1990 to 1995, and has participated in the World Values Survey under the leadership of Ronald Inglehart. He has been a UNDP consultant in the African Millennium Project, and Impact Study of Micro-Finance Institutions in Nigeria. His major academic interests are research methodology, democratic values, electoral studies and the democratization process.
Panama
Angélica Maytín Justiniani is the executive director of the Foundation for the Development of Citizen Liberty, the Panamanian national chapter of Transparency International. She is an arbitrator for labor disputes in the Panama Canal Authority. Justiniani worked as consultant for several international organizations such as USAID/Panama, the United Nations Development Program and the International Foundation for Election Systems. In 2002 and 2003 she served as member of the advisory board for Panama's Human Development Reports. She also worked as an observer for the 1994 national general elections with Panama's Human Rights Committee and in 1999 with the Justice and Peace Commission. She studied law and political science at the University of Panama. Her recognitions for accomplishments in the areas of corruption prevention and the promotion of citizen participation include the Panamanian Junior Chamber's Young Overachiever Award, Moral Achievement Category, 2002; and "Distinguished Woman" by the Panamanian Chapter of Soroptimist International, also in 2002.
Portugal
Luís de Sousa, Ph.D., received his doctorate in social and political sciences at the European University Institute, Florence, Italy, in 2002, following public defense of a thesis, "Corruption: Assessing Ethical Standards in Political Life through Control Policies." In 2002, he began as a research associate at Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia, ISCTE, Lisbon, Portugal. Some of his publications include: "The regulation of political financing in Portugal: a political and historical analysis," West European Politics (forthcoming); "Hard Responses to Corruption: Penal Standards and the Repression of Corruption in Britain, France and Portugal," Crime, Law and Social Change, October 2002, 38(3); "Corruption in Association d'Economie Financière" (eds.), Rapport Moral sur l'Argent dans le Monde 1999, Paris, Montchrestien; and "The Regulation of Political Financing in Portugal: a Political and Historical Analysis," West European Politics, Vol. 27, No. 1, January 2004. He has written about corruption control strategies and party financing regulation for the Portuguese newspapers Público and Diário Económico.
Russia
Boris V. Demidov has been the general manager of Transparency International-Russia since 1999. He has written various articles, including: "The Role of Civil Society in Curbing Corruption: Russian Challenge; Social Economy and Law"; "NGOs and the Fight Against Corruption in Russia"; and "In Shadow Politics: Corruption and Crime in Russia." From September 2001 to January 2002 he conducted a survey for the U.S. State Department on all foreign and domestic anti-corruption projects undertaken in Russia in 1999-2001 and planned for 2002. He has been finalizing a forthcoming chapter on corruption in Russia during Valdimir Putin's administration for a book by the Carnegie Corporation of New York on federal reform in Russia (Robert Orttung and Peter Reddaway, eds.), as well as a book on anti-corruption instruments and an article on corruption and the illegal arms trade in the Coomonwealth of Independent States. He won a Contemporary Issues Fellowship to be a visiting scholar at the Transnational Crime and Corruption Center at American University, Washington, D.C. from February 2002 to June 2002.
South Africa
Marianne Camerer is the director of Global Access, the new international project at the Center for Public Integrity monitoring openness and accountability around the world. She joined the Center in January 2003, having earlier piloted the Global Access methodology in South Africa. From 1995 –to 2002, she worked as a senior researcher in charge of anti-corruption programs at the Institute for Security Studies in South Africa. In 2002 she was awarded a Fulbright Fellowship to the Yale Law School as a visiting researcher. Since 1996 she has actively published in the field of crime prevention and corruption and regularly presents papers at international conferences. She holds two master's degrees (in comparative social research from Oxford University and political philosophy from the University of Stellenbosch) and is currently completing her doctorate on anti-corruption mechanisms in South Africa. She has consulted for the United Nations Global Programme Against Corruption, the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs and Transparency International. She is a co-founder of the Open Democracy Advice Center, an NGO monitoring the implementation of access to information and whistle-blower protection laws in South Africa.
The Philippines
Mahar Mangahas, Ph.D., is a Filipino economist. His research spans rice economics, land reform, poverty and income distribution, quality-of-life or social indicators and public opinion. He has served as a professor of economics at the University of the Philippines, president of the Philippine Economic Society, editor of the Philippine Economic Journal and president of the Marketing & Opinion Research Society of the Philippines. He is the co-founder and president of Social Weather Stations (www.sws.org.ph), which began in 1985 as a non-stock, nonprofit survey research institute specializing in quality-of-life and governance monitoring, opinion polling and social survey archiving. He is the 2001 recipient of the World Association for Public Opinion Research's highest honor, the Helen Dinerman Award, for his role "in championing the rights and freedoms of survey researchers in the Philippines."
Turkey
Yilmaz Esmer, Ph.D., is a professor of political science and international relations at Bogazici University, in Istanbul. He holds a bachelor's degree from Yale University and a doctorate from Stanford University. He has conducted numerous national surveys and is the Turkish PI of the World Values Surveys. He is a member of the executive committee of the World Values Survey Association. Esmer served as the provost of Bogazici University from 1996 to 1998 and is currently the director of the UNDP Human Development Center at Bogazici.
U.S.A.
Phyllis Dininio, Ph.D., has worked at the forefront on the development community's engagement in governance, serving as USAID's first senior anti-corruption advisor and as a consultant to the World Bank. Dininio was a scholar-in-residence at American University's Transnational Crime and Corruption Center. Currently, she works as a senior democracy and governance specialist at Research Triangle Institute. She serves as a governance advisor for the Development Gateway and has advised the U.S. National Security Council on corruption issues. She wrote the USAID Handbook for Fighting Corruption, co-edited Improving Governance and Controlling Corruption (forthcoming) and authored several scholarly articles on corruption as well as the regional report on the United States for Transparency International's Global Corruption Report 2003 and 2004. Dininio holds a doctorate in political science from Yale University, a master's degree in political and economic development from the Fletcher School, and a bachelor's degree in economics and sociology from Harvard University.
Ukraine
Inna Pidluska is president of the Europe XXI Foundation. She focuses on issues of civil society and politics in transition states, and the role of nongovernmental organizations and other civil society institutions in European integration processes. Since 1991 she has been involved in building research and institutional capacity of Ukraine's nongovernmental research and advocacy institutions, identifying research agendas, and developing production of regular publications. Since 1998 she has been involved in developing the NIS Conflict Prevention and Resolution Working Group and its Ukraine-Moldova-Belarus part, the Western NIS Conflict Prevention Network. She coordinates a project on inter-ethnic tolerance in multi-ethnic societies. She was a FCO Chevening Scholar (UK, 1994-1995), NATO Democracy Fellow (1996-1998), fellow at the Advocacy Institute (USA), and International Policy Fellow at the Open Society Institute (2001-2002). She is an adviser to a member of the Ukrainian Parliament, a member of the British Council's Ukraine-UK Professional Network and of the World Bank's NGO Contact Group in Ukraine.
Venezuela
Miriam Kornblith, Ph.D., is a professor and researcher in political studies at the Universidad Central de Venezuela and visiting scholar at the Instituto de Estudios Superiores de Administracion (Institute of Advanced Studies in Administration), both located in Caracas. She specializes in the study of the contemporary Venezuelan political system, and her publications cover areas such as constitutional reform, political institutions, and electoral processes. She was vice president and member of the board of the National Electoral Council (CNE) from February 1998 to December 1999. In August 2003, she was designated a stand-in associate of that institution. She studied sociology at the Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, Caracas, and recieved a doctorate in political science from the Universidad Central de Venezuela, also in Caracas.
Zimbabwe
John Makumbe, Ph.D., is a lecturer in the Department of Political and Administrative Studies, University of Zimbabwe, and the chairman of the Post-Graduate Committee, Department of Political & Administrative Studies, at that same institution. He is the founder and chairman of the Zimbabwe Family Association, Transparency International Zimbabwe and Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition. Makumbe has authored many books on the topic of democracy in Zimbabwe, including Participatory Development: The Case of Zimbabwe, Democracy and Development in Zimbabwe; Behind the Smokescreen: The 1995 General Elections in Zimbabwe; and Democratic Governance in Zimbabwe: The First Two Decades (pending). He has also authored many articles in edited journals. Makumbe received a doctorate in political science and public administration from the University of Tasmania, Australia.